Hydraulic Cylinder Tube/Honed Tube Usage Problems Part 3 - Cavitation Erosion
Release time:
2026-04-01
The hydraulic cylinder tube(honed tube) is the core pressure-bearing and guiding component of the hydraulic cylinder. It operates under high pressure and high-frequency reciprocating motion for extended periods, and its working condition directly determines the operational stability of the entire hydraulic system. In actual use, due to various factors such as operating conditions, hydraulic fluid, installation, and maintenance, the cylinder tube is prone to various types of damage and failure. The following are some of the most common core problems:
Cavitation Erosion
Cavitation is a hidden damage that is easily overlooked in hydraulic systems, causing progressive erosion and damage to the inner wall of the cylinder tube.
Problem Manifestations
- Dense pitting and cavitation damage appear on the inner wall of the cylinder tube (especially at the inlet and outlet ports and areas with drastic pressure changes). In severe cases, the inner wall surface may turn black, and a sharp abnormal noise may accompany cylinder operation.
Cause Analysis
- - Air mixed into the hydraulic fluid causes bubbles to burst instantaneously in the high-pressure working area of the cylinder, generating micro-jet streams with speeds reaching hundreds of meters per second, repeatedly impacting the cylinder wall.
- - Simultaneously, the bursting of bubbles is accompanied by localized high temperatures and electrochemical corrosion, gradually eroding the metal surface.
- - Factors such as system air intake, excessively high oil temperature, poor oil anti-foaming properties, and insufficient venting of the system can all exacerbate cavitation.
Impact
- Cavitation rapidly damages the precision of the cylinder wall, leading to premature seal failure. Simultaneously, the impact causes cylinder vibration and noise, and in severe cases, can cause perforation of the inner wall, directly rendering the cylinder unusable.
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